論文 - 山崎 遥
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重機を用いた天然更新補助作業を実施した施工地における地表徘徊性生物相の変動
山崎 遥，小竹 彪吾
東北森林科学会誌 2025年09月 [査読有り]
学会誌 共著・分担
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オニグルミの更新特性－種子散布，発芽，当年生実生の成長－
山崎 遥，田中 亜季，石田 恵莉
東北森林科学会誌 2025年09月 [査読有り]
学会誌 共著・分担
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Y-N理論を用いたウルシ林のサイズ分布予測と林分当たり最大漆液収量の推定
会田 裕雅，中村 大， 真坂 一彦，白旗 学，松木 佐和子， 山崎 遥，浅瀬石 育吹
日本森林学会誌 106 ( 7 ) 190 - 197 2024年11月 [査読有り]
学術誌 共著・分担
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Scarification with surface soil replacement can promote understory reinitiation as well as the growth of a secondary birch stand
Toshiya Yoshida, Haruka Yamazaki, Toshizumi Miyam
Journal of Forest Research ( Taylor and Francis Ltd. ) 2022年07月 [査読有り]
国際的学術誌 共著・分担
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國崎 貴嗣,山崎 遥
日本森林学会誌 ( 日本森林学会 ) 103 ( 4 ) 285 - 290 2021年08月 [査読有り]
学術誌 共著・分担
密なスギ老齢人工林1林分における林齢134～175年の林分成長経過を，斜面区と平坦区別に調べた。斜面区では，本数率10％前後の極めて弱い伐採が数回実施されたため，過密状態を解消できず，枯死木が発生し続けた。しかし，継続的に伐採されたことで，込み合い度は緩やかに改善し，胸高直径成長量が増加することで，平均形状比は70未満まで低下し，林分材積純成長量は10 m3/ha/ 年以上に達した。平坦区では，林齢146年に本数率22％の下層間伐が実施されたことで，過密状態が解消され，枯死木発生が止まった。そして，胸高直径成長量が増加することで，平均形状比は70未満まで低下し，林分材積純成長量
は20 m3/ha/ 年前後まで増加した。地位級1等で樹高成長が継続しているため，相対幹距15％を超える下層間伐を施せば，林分材積純成長量が20年近く，20 m3/ha/ 年前後になることが確認された。 -
Early establishment of spruce (Picea glehnii [Fr. Schm.] Masters) seedlings on disturbed soil with the aim of assisted natural regeneration
Nanami SUZUKI, Toshiya YOSHIDA, Toshizumi MIYAMOTO, Karibu FUKUZAWA, Shingo TANIGUCHI, Haruka YAMAZAKI
Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research ( Nordic Forest Research ) 2021年03月 [査読有り]
学術誌 共著・分担
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表層土壌を残存させるササ地の掻き起こし作業 ―表土戻し作業で表層土壌の堆積期間は必要か？―
山崎 遥，間宮 渉，吉田 俊也
日本森林学会誌 ( 日本森林学会 ) 102 ( 3 ) 157 - 165 2020年06月 [査読有り]
学術誌 共著・分担
表層土壌を一定期間堆積したのちに施工地内に敷き戻す「表土戻し」は，成長の改善や埋土種子の利用の観点から，掻き起こしの代替的な改善案の一つである。その堆積期間は，ササ類の根茎からの回復を抑制するために設けられてきたが，適切な期間は検討されていない。本研究では，堆積期間を変えた（0，2，12カ月），2～3年生の施工地における競争植生および高木樹種の更新状況を，ササ地における前生植生（高茎草本類の混生）を考慮して比較した。クマイザサの回復は，堆積期間を長期化することで抑制された。一方，施工後に優占したオオイタドリは，それが前生植生として存在した場合に残存した根茎から多く発生し，12カ月堆積の場合にのみ再生が抑制された。高木樹種では，堆積期間の長期化によって，カンバ類とヤナギ類は実生数が増加し，キハダは減少した。ただし，前生植生に高茎草本がなかった場合，処理間の差は不明瞭であった。表土戻し作業における堆積期間は，前生植生に高茎草本類が混生する場合は12カ月が必要であり，混生しない場合は，堆積期間を設けない作業も選択可能であると結論づけられた。
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Haruka YAMAZAKI, Toshiya YOSHIDA
Journal of Forest Research ( Japanese Forest Society ) 25 ( 1 ) 41 - 50 2020年01月 [査読有り]
学術誌 共著・分担
Soil scarification removed surface layers including nutrients and buried seeds. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the success of alternative practices that intentionally leave the surface soil (screening and replacing) along with the standard scarification. We focused on soil properties, the density of buried seeds, the invasion of competitive vegetation, and the regeneration of tree species. There were significant differences in soil properties among the treatments. Soils that were treated with the replacing treatment had the highest water contents from the surface layer to the deep layer in the lower slope in particular. On the other hand, there were higher densities of tall forb germinated from rhizomes, which are likely to shade tree species, with the replacing in the lower slope locations. The residual buried seed densities in the soil were estimated to be significantly higher in the screening than the replacing. Phellodendron amurense, producing seed bank and having dry tolerance, exhibited the greatest seedling density with the screening. However, there was no significant difference between screening and replacing in Betula species which has higher water demands. In conclusion, it is important that screening and replacing should be used properly according to the site condition and target tree species. The replacement had the advantage of retaining higher water content, but it is suggested that the screening is a better option when intended for regeneration from buried seeds and when many tall forb species grow alongside dwarf bamboo prior to treatment.
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Haruka YAMAZAKI, Toshiya YOSHIDA
Journal of Forest Research ( Japanese Forest Society ) 23 ( 3 ) 166 - 172 2018年03月 [査読有り]
学術誌 共著・分担
We compared early establishment of B. maximowicziana, a commercially valuable tree species producing buried seeds, among the standard scarification and three alternative treatments in which surface soil was retained (soil replacing, screening, and plowing). We found the efficiencies of the soil retention for the seedling emergence were clearly different among the treatments; the replacing and plowing caused significantly richer seedling emergence, whereas the screening resulted in lower emergence than the standard treatment. In total, the most abundant seedling emergence was estimated to have occurred in the case of higher soil water content with lower soil hardness. These seemed to be attributed to soil properties, induced differently by each treatment, and relatively high water demand characteristics of B. maxomowicziana. On the other hand, plowing showed low seedling density at the end of the second growing season despite its greater emergence, probably because of suppression from understory vegetation recovered from undisturbed root system. We conclude that replacing would be a best alternative for regeneration of B. maxomowicziana. The scarification treatments in which surface soil is retained can be evaluated to be positive or negative according to the site conditions, physiological characteristics of the target tree species, and recovery of other vegetation.
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Toshiya Yoshida, Sayoko NAITO, Misato NAGUMO, Natsumi HYODO, Taiki INOUE, Hiromitsu UMEGANE, Haruka YAMAZAKI, Hisashi MIYA, Futoshi NAKAMURA
Sustainability ( Mary Ann Liebert Inc. ) 9 ( 11 ) 2093 2017年11月 [査読有り]
学術誌 共著・分担
The objective of forest management has become broader, and it is essential to harmonize timber production with conservation of the forest ecosystem. Selection cutting is recognized as a major alternative of clear-cutting, because it can maintain the complexity and heterogeneity of a natural forest; however, its long-term evaluations are limited. This study compared various attributes of stand structures, which are indicators of biodiversity and ecosystem carbon stock between managed and unmanaged blocks (12.6 ha area in total) in a natural mixed forest in Hokkaido, the northernmost island of Japan. We found that 30 years' implementation of single-tree selection did not affect the volume, size structure, species diversity nor spatial distribution of overstory trees in the managed stands. Also, the total carbon stock in the managed stands was almost equal to that of the unmanaged stands. In contrast, several structural attributes and indicator elements that are significant for biodiversity (such as large-diameter live trees, dead trees, cavities, epiphytic bryophytes, and some avian guilds) showed marked decrease in the managed stands. We conclude that it is required to leave these structures and elements to some extent for deriving the merit of the management as an alternative silvicultural regime in the region.
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Tsuyoshi SATO, Haruka YAMAZAKI, Toshiya YOSHIDA
Journal of Forest Research ( Japanese Forest Society ) 22 ( 6 ) 336 - 342 2017年09月 [査読有り]
学術誌 共著・分担
Strong wind constitutes the major force behind disturbance of northern Japanese forests. Canopy gaps induced by disturbance are responsible for subsequent recovery of the stand (i.e. enhancement of growth and recruitment). There is also a possibility that a sudden change in stand structure, involving significant microclimatic alterations, results in further stand degradation. We therefore examined a hypothesis proposing that wind disturbance causes indirect and delayed negative effects on the demography of Abies sachalinensis, a dominant conifer species of northern Japanese natural mixed forests. Data for all trees in a 3-ha study stand with diameter at breast height ≥10 cm were recorded for over 10 years, including the period of severe wind disturbance induced by Typhoon Songda in 2004. We found that the total amount of dead A. sachalinensis in the post-disturbance period was equivalent to that in the wind disturbance. The mortality of the species was generally high in larger trees. Within 1–2 years immediately after the disturbance, dead trees frequently presented the uprooted form despite there being no record of strong winds, suggesting that the physical influence of the disturbance persisted. Moreover, these dead trees showed spatial association with trees in the surrounding trees that died due to strong wind. In contrast, most A. sachalinensis trees that died 3–8 years later showed growth reduction after the disturbance. We conclude that a strong wind disturbance can have long-term influence on the stand dynamics, during which the possible cause of tree deaths changes gradually from physical damage to physiological stress.
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Ippei ASADA, Haruka YAMAZAKI, Toshiya YOSHIDA
Forest ecology and management ( Forest Ecology and Management ) 393 81 - 88 2017年06月 [査読有り]
学術誌 共著・分担
Spatial patterns have been a major topic regarding natural regeneration of oak species, but the effects may differ considerably in sites subjected to intense forestry practices, which greatly alter many aspects of site conditions. We examined the hypothesis that the regeneration of oak (Quercus crispula Blume) following scarification (displacement of inhibiting vegetation and surface soil using machinery) is enhanced at a certain distance from a conspecific overstory tree, depending on the stage of development. We conducted both field surveys in scarification sites with different stand ages (1–16 year-old) and a laboratory seeding experiment to clarify factors contributing to its early establishment. The results demonstrate that the spatial relationship between the regeneration of oak and the conspecific overstory tree at scarification sites changes considerably among stages of the establishment. In the initial stage (0–1 years after the scarification), a location beneath the crown provided favorable conditions, whereas at subsequent stages (2–4 years), the distance-dependent effects were unclear, until eventually (8–16 years) a location outside the crown became more favorable. The condition produced by the scarification was basically competition-free and resource-rich, but it can also be harsh for acorns and small seedlings, imposing a requirement for shading to moderate the environment in the initial stage. Such an effect of facilitation was found also in the later (sapling) stage via the existence of neighbors of the other regenerated fast-growing species. The current findings supported the effectivity of a shelter-wood system, in which the regeneration starts from shaded condition followed by a gap status created by a successive felling. The area away from the conspecific crown would have a potential if acorns are plentifully supplied (e.g. by direct seeding) and they withstand the initial negative factors at the initial stage of development.
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山崎 遥，國崎 貴嗣
日本森林学会誌 ( 日本森林学会 ) 96 ( 2 ) 117 - 120 2014年07月 [査読有り]
学術誌 共著・分担
冠雪害の発生傾向と林孔との関係を明らかにするために，2010年12月に岩手県滝沢演習林のスギ高齢林で発生した事例について Voronoi 多角形面積を用いて解析した。個体の存在した場所の斜面状態，形状比，樹形級， Voronoi 多角形面積を説明変数に用いてロジスティック回帰分析を行った結果，最良モデルには斜面状態，形状比， Voronoi 多角形面積が含まれた。最良モデルの係数から，傾斜地に存在し，Voronoi 多角形面積がより大きく，形状比がより高い個体の方が被害を受けやすいと判断された。また，傾斜地における被害木と健全木の平均形状比の差，平均 Voronoi 多角形面積の差に対するオッズ比は Voronoi 多角形面積で1.40であり，形状比の1.21より大きかった。ゆえに，冠雪害の発生を抑制する際，形状比のみならず林孔に関する指標にも注目すべきである。
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アカマツ林木の地上部サイズと葉量指数との関係: 若齢林と高齢林の比較
國崎 貴嗣，関原 芙美子，山崎 遥，白旗 学
岩手大学農学部演習林報告 ( 岩手大学農学部 ) 45 37 - 45 2014年06月 [査読有り]
その他（含・紀要） 共著・分担
アカマツ若齢林と高齢林を対象に，林木の地上部サイズ指標と葉量指数との関係を調べた。順序ロジスティック回帰分析の結果，若齢林では葉量指数の説明変数として樹高，枝下高，樹冠長率を含むモデルのAICが小さい傾向にあった。枝下高，樹冠長率が高いほど若齢林の林木葉量指数は高くなった。一方，高齢林では説明変数なしのモデルがAIC最小であった。